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THYROCERVICAL TRUNK

Artery: Thyrocervical trunk
Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
Latin truncus thyrocervicalis
Gray's subject #148 581
Source subclavian
Branches inferior thyroid
transverse scapular
transverse cervical
Dorlands/Elsevier t_20/12826131

The thyrocervical trunk ( A12.2.08.042 in Nomina Anatomica) is a branch of the subclavian artery arising from the first portion of this vessel, i.e. between the origin and the inner border of the scalenus anterior muscle.

It is a short and thick vessel and it divides soon after its origin in three branches:

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Arteries of head and neckedit

EXTERNAL CAROTID: Anterior: superior thyroid - superior laryngeal - lingual - sublingual
facial: angular - ascending palatine - submental - inferior labial - superior labial
Posterior and ascending: occipital - posterior auricular - stylomastoid - ascending pharyngeal - meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal - posterior meningeal
Terminal: superficial temporal - transverse facial - middle temporal - zygomaticoörbital
internal maxillary - 1st part: anterior tympanic - deep auricular - middle meningeal - superior tympanic - accessory meningeal - inferior alveolar - lingual
2nd part: masseteric - buccinator - posterior superior alveolar
3rd part: infraorbital - descending palatine - artery of the pterygoid canal - sphenopalatine | (Gray's s144)

INTERNAL CAROTID: cervical portion - petrous portion - cavernous portion
ophthalmic - orbital group: lacrimal - supra-orbital - posterior ethmoidal - anterior ethmoidal - medial palpebral - supratrochlear - dorsal nasal
ocular group: central retinal - ciliary)
anterior cerebral - anterior communicating - middle cerebral - posterior communicating - anterior choroidal - circle of Willis | (Gray's s146 - Gray's s147)

SUBCLAVIAN: vertebral: anterior spinal - posterior inferior cerebellar - basilar (internal auditory - anterior inferior cerebellar - superior cerebellar - posterior cerebral)
thyrocervical trunk: inferior thyroid - inferior laryngeal - ascending cervical - suprascapular - transverse cervical
internal thoracic: musculophrenic - anterior intercostal - pericardiacophrenic - superior epigastric
costocervical trunk: highest intercostal, deep cervical | (Gray's s148)