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HUMAN BODY
Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. It studies structures and systems of the human body, leaving the study of tissues to histology and cells to cytology. The human body, like the bodies of all animals, consists of systems, that consist of organs, that consist of tissues, that consist of cells.
See History of anatomy for a history of anatomy, including human anatomy.
External features
Common names of well known parts of the human body, from top to bottom :
- Skin
- Head — Forehead — Eye — Ear — Nose — Mouth — Tongue — Teeth — Jaw — Face — Cheek — Chin
- Neck — Throat — Adam's apple — Shoulders
- Arm — Elbow — Wrist — Hand — Fingers — Thumb
- Spine — Chest — Breast — Ribcage
- Abdomen — Belly button — Sex organs (Penis/Scrotum or Clitoris/Vagina) — Rectum — Anus
- Hip — Buttocks — Leg — Thigh — Knee — Calf — Heel — Ankle — Foot — Toes
Internal organs
Common names of internal organs (in alphabetical order) :
- Adrenals — Appendix — Bladder — Brain — Duodenum — Eyes — Gall bladder — Heart — Intestines — Kidney — Liver — Lungs — Ovaries — Pancreas — Parathyroids — Pituitary — Prostate — Skin — Spleen — Stomach — Testicles — Thymus — Thyroid — Veins — Wombgroin
Anatomy of the brain
- Amygdala — Brainstem — Cerebellum — Cerebral cortex — Hypothalamus — Limbic system — medulla — midbrain — Pituitary gland — pons
- See also: Human brain, List of regions in the human brain
Oesophagus
Studying human anatomy
Certain professions, especially medicine and physiotherapy, require the study of human anatomy in depth. Textbooks usually split the body into the following regional groups:
- Head and Neck — includes everything above the thoracic inlet
- Upper limb — includes everything from your hand, forearm, arm, shoulder, axilla, pectoral region and scapular region.
- Thorax — contains the region of the chest from the thoracic inlet to the thoracic diaphragm.
- Abdomen — everything from the thoracic diaphragm to the pelvic brim or to the pelvic inlet.
- The back — about the spine and its components, the intervertebral disks and bodies
- Pelvis and Perineum — the pelvis consists of everything from the pelvic inlet to the pelvic diaphragm. The perineum is the region between the genital area and the anus.
- Lower limb — the lower limb is usually everything below the inguinal ligament, including the thigh, the hip joint, the leg, and the foot.
See also
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