AUTONOMOUS ENTITY
An autonomous area is an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy. Typically it is either geographically distinct from the country or is populated by a national minority. Countries that include autonomous areas are often federacies.
To find a specific autonomous area see the list of autonomous entities ordered by country.
Autonomous cities
Argentina
Since the 1994 Constitution grants Buenos Aires, formerly Capital Federal (Spanish, Federal Capital), the status of autonomous and changes the formal name to (Spanish, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires) (English, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires).
Another large city that is currently pressing for autonomy is Rosario, in the Santa Fe Province. Rosario has nearly 1 million inhabitants (about 1.3 million counting its suburbs and nearby towns), and is usually disfavoured in the distribution of funds and resources, which disproportionately assigns more of its share to the much less populated provincial capital. Some legislators are of the opinion that autonomy could be granted to Rosario by passing a law in the ordinary fashion, while others claim an amendment of the provincial constitution is needed.
Autonomous communities
Autonomous okrugs
Autonomous provinces
Autonomous regions
- the two island regions of Azores and Madeira became autonomous regions in 1976 with self-rule by a regional government and a regional legislative assembly. They gain their autonomy because of the great distance from the capital of the country, it is not due to ethnic distinction like in Spain.
- Mount Athos in Greece. Mount Athos is a self-governed part of the Greek State, with internal matters handled by the monastic communities on the peninsula.[1]
- ARMM or Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao - Self-governing Muslim-majority territory in the Philippines
Autonomous republics
Autonomous territories
indigenous autonomous area
Countries with several types of autonomous areas
Some countries include autonomous areas at more than one administrative level:
China
Main articles: Special Administrative Region, Autonomous entities of China
In the People's Republic of China, there are two main types of autonomous divisions in the administrative hierarchy.
The existing special administrative regions are former European colonies that were handed over to PRC rule in the late 1990s. SARs have a very high degree of autonomy, such as independent judiciaries and courts of final adjudication, immigration policies, currencies and extradition processes. Only foreign relations and defence are the responsibilities of the Central People's Government.
The ethnic autonomous areas are established following Soviet practice in regions inhabited by non-Han Chinese ethnic minorities. These are much less autonomous than SAR's. All of these autonomous areas are designated for one or more ethnic minorities.
The Republic of China (ROC), which ruled Mainland China before its retreat to Taiwan in 1949, officially regards Mongolia and Tibet as "regions". During the period of ROC rule in Mainland China, Mongolia and Tibet were in effect self-governing.
Russia
Russia among its subdivisions has (autonomous) republics, autonomous provinces (autonomous oblast) and autonomous districts (okrugs).
See: Subdivisions of Russia.
Historical autonomous areas
See also
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