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AUGUST 14
August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining.
Events
- 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures and flee to western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan. (Traditional Japanese date: Twenty-fifth Day of the Seventh Month of the Second Year of Juei).
- 1385 - Portuguese Crisis of 1383–1385: Battle of Aljubarrota - Portuguese forces commanded by King João I and his general Nuno Álvares Pereira defeat the Castilian army of King Juan I.
- 1598 - Nine Years War: Battle of the Yellow Ford - Irish forces under Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, defeat an English expeditionary force under Henry Bagenal.
- 1842 - Indian Wars: Second Seminole War ends, with the Seminoles forced from Florida to Oklahoma.
- 1846 - The Cape Girardeau meteorite, a 2.3 kg chondrite-type meteorite strikes near the town of Cape Girardeau in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri.
- 1848 - Oregon Territory organized by Act of U.S. Congress.
- 1880 - Cologne Cathedral, the most famous landmark in Cologne, Germany, completed.
- 1885 - Japan's first patent is issued to the inventor of a rust-proof paint.
- 1893 - France introduces motor vehicle registration.
- 1900 - A joint European-Japanese-United States force (Eight-Nation Alliance) occupies Beijing, in a campaign to end the bloody Boxer Rebellion in China.
- 1901 - The first claimed powered flight, by Gustave Whitehead in his Number 21.
- 1908 - First beauty contest held in Folkestone, England.
- 1911 - United States Senate leaders agree to rotate the office of President pro tempore of the Senate among leading candidates to fill the vacancy left by William P. Frye's death.
- 1912 - United States Marines invade Nicaragua to support the U.S.-backed government installed there after José Santos Zelaya resigned three years earlier.
- 1921 - Tannu Tuva, later Tuvinian People's Republic is established as a completely independent country (which is supported by Russia).
- 1925 - The original Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse is completed and goes on line.
- 1933 - Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn. It is extinguished on September 5, after destroying 240,000 acres (970 km²).
- 1935 - United States Social Security Act passes, creating a government pension system for the retired.
- 1936 - Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky in the last public execution in the United States.
- 1941 - World War II - Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt sign the Atlantic Charter of war stating postwar aims.
- 1945 - Japan accepts the Allied terms of surrender in World War II and the Emperor records the Imperial Rescript on Surrender (August 15 in Japan standard time).
- 1947 - Pakistan gains Independence from the British Indian Empire under the administration of United Kingdom and joins the Commonwealth of Dominions.
- 1967 - UK Marine Broadcasting Offences Act declares participation in offshore pirate radio illegal.
- 1969 - United Kingdom troops deploy in Northern Ireland.
- 1971 - Bahrain declares its independence from United Kingdom.
- 1972 - An East German Ilyushin Il-62 crashes during takeoff from East Berlin, killing 156.
- 1976 - The Senegalese political party PAI-Rénovation is legally recognized. PAI-Rénovation thus becomes the third legal party in the country.
- 1980 - Lech Wałęsa leads strikes at Gdańsk, Poland shipyards.
- 1994 - Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, the terrorist known as "Carlos the Jackal", is captured.
- 2003 - Widescale power blackout in the northeast United States and Canada.
- 2004 - Sales tax holiday in Massachusetts. All sales taxes are suspended on purchases of $2500 or less.
- 2005 - Helios Airways Flight 522 crashes north of Athens, killing the 121 on board.
- 2006 - The 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict cease fire goes into effect.
Births
- 1297 - Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Japan (d. 1348)
- 1473 - Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury, daughter of George, Duke of Clarence (d. 1541)
- 1575 - Robert Hayman, English-born poet (d. 1629)
- 1586 - William Hutchinson, Rhode Island colonist (d. 1642)
- 1599 - Méric Casaubon, English classical scholar (d. 1671)
- 1625 - François de Harlay de Champvallon, Archbishop of Paris (d. 1695)
- 1642 - Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1723)
- 1653 - Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (d. 1688)
- 1688 - Frederick William I of Prussia (d. 1740)
- 1714 - Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (d. 1789)
- 1740 - Pope Pius VII (d. 1823)
- 1771 - Sir Walter Scott, Scottish historical novelist (d. 1832)
- 1777 - King Francis I of the Two Sicilies (d. 1830)
- 1777 - Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist (d. 1851)
- 1840 - Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German psychologist (d. 1902)
- 1847 - Robert Comtesse, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1922)
- 1851 - Doc Holliday, American gambler (d. 1887)
- 1863 - Ernest Thayer, American poet (d. 1940)
- 1865 - Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician (d. 1952)
- 1866 - Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician (d. 1962)
- 1867 - John Galsworthy, English writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1933)
- 1867 - Cupid Childs, American baseball player (d. 1912)
- 1876 - Aleksandar Obrenović, King of Serbia (d. 1903)
- 1881 - Francis Ford (actor), American actor (d. 1953)
- 1882 - Gisela Richter, English art historian (d. 1972)
- 1910 - Pierre Schaeffer, French composer (d. 1955)
- 1911 - Shri Vethathiri Maharishi, Indian yogi (d.2006)
- 1913 - Paul "Daffy" Dean, American baseball player (d. 1981)
- 1916 - Wellington Mara, American Co-Owner of the New York Football Giants (d. 2005)
- 1924 - Georges Prêtre, French conductor
- 1925 - Russell Baker, American columnist
- 1926 - René Goscinny, French comic-strip author (d. 1977)
- 1926 - Lina Wertmüller, Italian film director
- 1929 - Dick Tiger, Nigerian boxer (d. 1971)
- 1930 - Earl Weaver, American baseball manager
- 1933 - Richard R. Ernst, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate
- 1935 - John Brodie, American football player
- 1940 - Dash Crofts, American musician (Seals and Crofts)
- 1941 - David Crosby, American musician
- 1941 - Connie Smith, American singer
- 1943 - Jimmy Johnson, American football player and head football coach
- 1945 - Steve Martin, American comedian
- 1945 - Wim Wenders, German-born film director
- 1946 - Antonio Fargas, American actor
- 1946 - Susan Saint James, American actress
- 1946 - Larry Graham, American musician (Sly & the Family Stone)
- 1947 - Danielle Steel, American novelist
- 1950 - Bob Backlund, American wrestler
- 1950 - Gary Larson, American cartoonist
- 1952 - Carl Lumbly, American actor
- 1952 - Debbie Meyer, American swimmer
- 1953 - James Horner, American composer
- 1953 - Cliff Johnson, American computer game author
- 1954 - Mark Fidrych, American baseball player
- 1956 - Rusty Wallace, American race car driver
- 1957 - Gino Hernandez, American wrestler
- 1959 - Marcia Gay Harden, American actress
- 1959 - Earvin "Magic" Johnson, American basketball player
- 1960 - Sarah Brightman, English soprano
- 1961 - Susan Olsen, American actress
- 1961 - "Hot Stuff" Eddie Gilbert, American wrestler (d. 1995)
- 1964 - Brannon Braga, American scriptwriter
- 1965 - Emmanuelle Béart, French actress
- 1966 - Halle Berry, American actress
- 1968 - Darren Clarke, Northern Irish golfer
- 1968 - Billy Mavreas, Greek-Canadian cartoonist
- 1968 - Catherine Bell, American actress
- 1969 - Stig Tøfting, Danish footballer
- 1973 - Jared Borgetti, Mexican footballer
- 1973 - Jay-Jay Okocha, Nigerian footballer
- 1973 - Kieren Perkins, Australian swimmer
- 1974 - Ana Matronic, singer (Scissor Sisters)
- 1974 - Christopher Gorham, American actor
- 1976 - Steve Braun, Canadian actor
- 1977 - Juan Pierre, American baseball player
- 1978 - Kate Ritchie, Australian actress
- 1981 - Matthew Etherington, English footballer
- 1983 - Elena Baltacha, Ukrainian-born tennis player
- 1983 - Mila Kunis, Ukrainian-born actress
- 1986 - Terin Humphrey, American gymnast
Deaths
- 582 - Tiberius II Constantine, Byzantine Emperor
- 1167 - Rainald of Dassel, Archbishop of Cologne
- 1204 - Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shogun (b. 1182)
- 1390 - John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (b. 1364)
- 1430 - Philip I, Duke of Brabant (b. 1404)
- 1433 - King John I of Portugal (b. 1357)
- 1464 - Pope Pius II (b. 1405)
- 1573 - Saito Tatsuoki, Japanese warlord (b. 1548)
- 1691 - Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnel, Irish rebel (b. 1630)
- 1704 - Roland Laporte, French Protestant leader (b. 1675)
- 1727 - William Croft, English composer (b. 1678)
- 1774 - Johann Jakob Reiske, German physician (b. 1716)
- 1784 - Nathaniel Hone, Irish-born painter (b. 1718)
- 1856 - Constant Prévost, French geologist (b. 1787)
- 1860 - André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist (b. 1774)
- 1874 - Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (b. 1821)
- 1905 - Simeon Solomon, British artist (b. 1840)
- 1938 - Hugh Trumble, Australian cricketer (b. 1876)
- 1941 - Paul Sabatier, French chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1854)
- 1941 - Saint Maximilian Kolbe, Polish martyr (b. 1894)
- 1943 - Joe Kelley, American baseball player (b. 1871)
- 1951 - William Randolph Hearst, American newspaper magnate (b. 1863)
- 1955 - Herbert Putnam, Librarian of Congress (b. 1861)
- 1956 - Bertolt Brecht, German writer (b. 1898)
- 1958 - Frédéric Joliot, French physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
- 1972 - Oscar Levant, American actor (b. 1906)
- 1972 - Pierre Brasseur, French actor (b. 1905)
- 1972 - Jules Romains, French author (b. 1885)
- 1978 - Nicolas Bentley, British writer (b. 1907)
- 1980 - Dorothy Stratten, Canadian actress and model (b. 1960)
- 1981 - Karl Böhm, Austrian conductor (b. 1894)
- 1984 - J. B. Priestley, English playwright (b. 1894)
- 1984 - Spud Davis, American baseball player (b. 1904)
- 1985 - Gale Sondergaard, American actress (b. 1899)
- 1988 - Enzo Ferrari, Italian car maker (b. 1898)
- 1992 - John Sirica, American judge (b. 1904)
- 1994 - Elias Canetti, British-Austrian novelist (b. 1905)
- 1996 - Tom Mees, American sportscaster (b. 1949)
- 1999 - Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player (b. 1918)
- 2000 - Alain Fournier, French-born computer graphics researcher (b. 1943)
- 2002 - Dave Williams, American singer (Drowning Pool) (b. 1972)
- 2003 - Helmut Rahn, German footballer (b. 1929)
- 2004 - Czesław Miłosz, Polish-born writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Coo Coo Marlin, American race car driver (b. 1932)
- 2006 - Bruno Kirby, American actor (b. 1949)
Holidays and observances
External links
August 13 - August 15 - July 14 - September 14 -- listing of all days
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